Native Plants

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NATIVE PLANTS
HUMBER NURSERIES "GREEN THUMBS GUIDES"

This listing of indigenous North American plants, most of which are available from Humber Nurseries, has been produced in response to many inquiries that we have received for this information. Government funded projects or those requiring Governmental approval are now asking Landscape Architects to use native plant material whenever possible.

The majority of plants listed grow naturally in Ontario. Some are hardy in this province but may come from a more western or southern area. It is of course not merely sufficient that plants be native but also that they be appropriate to the site – dry grassland, shady woods, pond side or wet areas etc.

NATIVE TREES
Abies balsamea A. concolor A. fraseri A. lasiocarpa Acer negundo A. nigrum A. pennsylvanicum A rubrum A. saccharinum A. saccharum A. spicatum Aesculus glabra A. octandra Alnus incana rugosa Amelanchier canadensis A. laevis Aralia spinosa Asimina triloba Betula lenta B. lutea B. nigra B. papyrifera B. populifolia Carpinus caroliniana Carya cordiformis C. glabra C. illinoensis C. ovata C. tomentosa Castanea dentata Catalpa speciosa Celtis occidentalis Cercis canadensis Chamaecyparis nootkatensis Chionanthus virginicus Cladrastis lutea Cornus alternifolia C. florida Crataegus crusgalli C. mollis C. phaenopyrum C. pruinosa Diospyros virginiana Euonymus atropurpureus Fagus grandiflora Fraxinus americana F. nigra F. pennsylvanica F. quadrangulata Gleditsia triancanthos Gymnocladus dioicus Halesia carolina Hamamelis virginiana Juglans cinerea J. nigra Juniperus scopulorum J. virginiana	Balsam Fir Silver (White) Fir Fraser Fir Rocky Mountain Fir Manitoba Maple (Box Elder) Black Maple Striped Maple (Moosewood) Red Maple Silver Maple Sugar Maple Mountain Maple Ohio Buckeye Yellow Buckeye Speckled (Hazel) Alder Shadblow (Downy) Serviceberry Allegany Serviceberry Devil’s Walking Stick Common Paw Paw Sweet Birch Yellow (Silver) Birch River Birch Paper Birch Gray Birch American Hornbeam (Blue Beech) Bitternut Hickory Pignut Hickory Northern Pecan Shagbark Hickory Mockernut Hickory American Chestnut Northern Catalpa Common Hackberry Eastern Redbud Nootka False Cypress Fringetree Yellowwood Pagoda Dogwood Flowering Dogwood Cockspur Hawthorn Downy Hawthorn Washington Hawthorn Frosted Hawthorn Common Persimmon Eastern Wahoo American Beech White Ash Black Ash Green Ash Blue Ash Common Honeylocust Kentucky Coffeetree Carolina Silverbell Common Witchhazel Butternut Black Walnut Rocky Mountain Juniper Eastern Red Cedar	Larix laricina Liquidambar styraciflua Liriodendron tulipfera Maclura pomifera Magnolia acuminata Malus ioensis Morus rubra Nyssa sylvatica Ostrya virginiana Oxydendrum arboreum Picea glauca P. glauca var. conica P. glauca densata P. mariana P. pungens P. pungens var. glauca P. banksiana P. flexilis P. ponderosa P. resinosa P. strobus Platanus occidentalis Populus balsamifera P. deltoides P. grandidentata P. tremuloides Prunus americana P. pensylvanica P. serotina P. virginiana Ptelea trifoliata Quercus alba Q. bicolor Q. coccinea Q. imbricaria Q. macrocarpa Q. palustris Q. rubra Rhododendron maximum Rhus glabra R. typhina Robinia pseudoacacia Salix discolor S. nigra Sassafras albidum Sorbus americana S. decora Taxodium distichum Thuja occidentalis Tilia americana Tsuga canadensis Ulmus americana Viburnum lentago V. prunifolium Zanthoxylum americanum	Eastern Larch American Sweetgum Tuliptree Osage-orange Cucumbertree Magnolia Prairie Crabapple Red Mulberry Black Tupelo Ironwood (Hop Hornbeam) Sourwood White Spruce Dwarf Alberta Spruce Black Hills White Spruce Black Spruce Colorado Spruce Colorado Blue Spruce Jack Pine Limber Pine Ponderosa Pine Red Pine Eastern White Pine American Planetree Balsam Poplar Eastern Poplar Bigtooth Aspen Trembling Aspen American Plum Pin Cherry Black Cherry Chokecherry Common Hoptree White Oak Swamp White Oak Scarlet Oak Shingle Oak Bur Oak Pin Oak Red Oak Rosebay Rhododendron Smooth Sumac Staghorn Sumac Black Locust Pussy Willow Black Willow Sassafras American Mountain Ash Showy Mountain Ash Common Baldcypress Eastern White Cedar (Arborvitae) American Linden (Basswood) Canadian Hemlock American Elm Nannyberry Blackhaw Viburnum Common Prickly Ash
NATIVE SHRUBS
Aesculus parviflora Amorpha canescens A. fruticosa Andromeda polifolia Arctostaphylos uva – ursi Aronia arbutifolia A. melanocarpa A. prunifolia Calycanthus floridus Ceanothus americanus Cephalanthus occidentalis Clethra alnifolia Comptomia peregrina Cornus amomum C. canadensis C. racemosa C. sericea Diervilla lonicera Dirca palustris Elaeagnus commutata Epigaea repens Euonymus obovatus Fothergilla gardenii F. major Gaultheria procumbens Hamamelis vernalis Hydrangea arborescens H. quercifolia Hypericum kalmianum H. prolificum Ilex glabra I. verticillata Itea virginica Juniperus communis J. horizontalis Kalmia angustifolia K. latifolia K. polifolia Ledum groenlandicum Leucothoe fontanesiana Lindera benzoin Lonicera canadensis	Bottlebrush Buckeye Leadplant Indigobush Bog Rosemary Bearberry Red Chokeberry Black Chokeberry Purple Chokeberry Sweetshrub New Jersey Tea Buttonbush Summersweet Sweetfern Silky Dogwood Bunchberry Gray Dogwood Red Osier Dogwood Dwarf Bush Honeysuckle Leatherwood Silverberry Trailing Arbutus Running Euonymus Dwarf Fothergilla Fothergilla Wintergreen (Checkerberry) Spring Witchhazel Smooth Hydrangea Oakleaf Hydrangea St. John’s Wort Shrubby St. John’s Wort Inkberry Winterberry Virginia Sweetspire Common Juniper Creeping Juniper Lambkill Kalmia Mountain Laurel Bog Kalmia Labrador Tea Drooping Leucothoe Fly Honeysuckle	Mahonia aquifolium M. repens Myrica Morella pensylvanicum Paxistima canbyi Physocarpus opulifolius Pinus aristata Potentilla fruticosa Rhododendron catawbiense Rhus aromatica Ribes americanum R. odoratum (aureum) Robinia hispida Rosa acicularis R. carolina R. setigera R. virginiana R. woodsii Rubus allegheniensis R. occidentalis R. odoratus Salix humilis Sambucus canadensis S. pubens Shepherdia argentea S. canadensis Spiraea alba S. tomentosa Staphylea trifolia Symphoricarpus albus S. orbiculatus Taxus canadensis Vaccinium angustifolium V. corymbosum V. macrocarpum Viburnum acerifolium V. alnifolium V. cassinoides V. dentatum V. rafinesquianum V. trilobum Yucca filamentosa Y. glauca	Oregon Grapeholly Creeping Oregon Grapeholly Bayberry Canby Paxistima (Mountain Lover) Common Ninebark Bristlecone Pine Bush Cinquefoil Catawba Rhododendron Fragrant Sumac American Black Currant Golden (Clover) Currant Rose Acacia Prickly Rose Carolina (Pasture) Rose Prairie Rose Virginia Rose Mountain Rose Allegheny Raspberry Blackcap Rasp berry Flowering Raspberry Prairie Willow Americana Elder Scarlet Elder Silver Buffaloberry Russet Buffaloberry Meadowsweet Hard Tack (Steeplebush) American Bladdeernut Snowberry Coralberry Canadian Yew Lowbush Blueberry Highbush Blueberry American Cranberry Mapleleaf Viburnum Hobblebush Witherod Arrowood Rafinesque Viburum American Highbush Cranberry Adam’s Needle Spanish Bayonet
NATIVE VINES
Aristolochia durior Bignonia capreolata Campsis radicans Celastrus scandens Clematis virginiana	Dutchman’s Pipe Crossvine Trumpet (Hummingbird) Vine American Bittersweet Virginsbower	Lonicera dioica Menispermum canadense Parthenocissus quinquefolia Smilax rotundifolia Vitis riparia	Limber Honeysuckle Common Moonseed Virginia Creeper Common Greenbrier Riverbank Grape
NATIVE PERENNIALS FOR SUNNY LOCATIONS
Achillea Agastache foeniculum Amsonia tabernaemontana Anaphalis margaritacea Anemone canadensis Antennaria dioica Aquilegia canadensis Aruncus diocus Asclepius tuberosa Aster ericoides Aster novae angliae, A. novi belgii Baptisia australis B. leucopaea & B. pendula Boltonia asteroides Bouteloua curipendula Bouteloua gracilis Castilleja miniata Cheloni glabra C. Lyonii & c. obliqua Chrysogonum virginianum Chrysopsis villosa Cimicifuga racemosa Coreopsis rosea Coreopsis verticilata Dryas octopetala Hyperiucm buckleyi Iris cristata Iris louisisana hybrids Iris setosa Iris versicolor Liatris aspera Liatris pycnostachya Liatris cariosa, L. spicata Lilium canadense L. philadelphicum L. superbum Linum perenne Lobelia cardinalis L. siphilitica, L.s. ‘Alba’ Lupinus perennis Lysimachia ciliata L. thyrsiflora Mimulus ringens Monarda citriodora M. didyma M. fistulosa M. punctata Monardella montana Oenothera missouriensis O. palida, O. speciosa O. tetragona Paxistima canbyi Panicum virgatum	Yarrow Giant Hyssop Blue Star Pearly Everlasting Meadow Anemone Pussy Toes Columbine Goatsbeard Butterflyweed Heath Aster Michaelmas Daisy False Indigo White Baptisia Boltonia Side Oats Gramma Mosquito Grass Indian Paintbrush Turtle Head Pink Turtle Head Golden Star Golden Aster Black Snakeroot Pink Coreopsis Threadleaf Coreopsis Mountain Avens Blue Ridge St. John’s Wort Dwarf Crested Iris Louisiana Iris Arctic Iris Blue Flag Iris Blazing Star Kansas Gayfeather Gayfeather Canada Lily Prairie Lily Turk’s Cap Lily Prairie Flax Cardinal Flower Great Lobelia Wild Lupin American Loosestrife Swamp Loosestrife Monkey Flower Lemon Bergamot Bee Balm Wild Bergamot Dotted Mint Mountain Mint Ozark Sundrops Evening Primrose Sundrops Pachistima Switch Grass	Echinacea purpurea Elymus canadensis Erigeron compositus E. speciosus Eryngium yuccafolium Eupatorium coelestinum E. maculatum, E. purpureum E. rugosum Festuca ovina glauca Filipendula rubra Fragaria virginiana Gaillardia aristata Gaura lindheimerii Geum triflorum Gillenia triflorum Helenium autumnale H. bigelovii, H. hoopsi Helianthus decapetalus H. salicifolius Heliopsis helianthoides H. patula, H. scabra Heracleum sphondulium Heuchera richardsonii Heuchera cultivars Hibiscus palustris Heiracium umbellatum Peltiphyllum peltatum Penstemon barbatus P. caespitosa P. digitalis P. strictus Phlox subulata cultivars Physostegia virginiana Potentilla tridentata Ratibida columnifera Rudbeckia cultivars R. subtomentosa Ruellia humilis Salvia lyrata Sedum oreganum Sidalcea malvaeflora Silene caroliniana Silphium laciniatum S. perfoliatum Sisyrinchium agnustifolium Smilacina racemoza, S. stellata Solidago candensis S. rigida Thermopsis caroliniana Tradescantia x andersoniana T. a ohiensis T. virginiana Verbena canadensis	Purple Coneflower Canadian Wild Rye Mountain Fleabane Daisy Fleabane Rattlesnake Master Mist Flower Joe Pye Weed White Snakeroot Blue Fescue Queen of the Prairie Wild Strawberry Blanket Flower Gaura Prairie Smoke Bowman’s Root Helenium Sunflower Heliopsis Cow Parsnip Alum Root Coral Bells Rose Mallow Hawkweed Umbrella Plant Red Penstemon Mat Penstemon Foxglove Penstemon Rocky Mountain Penstemon Ground Phlox Obedient Plant Creeping Cinquefoil Mexican Hat Black-eyed Susan Sweet Susan Wild Petunia Cancer Weed Oregon Stonecrop Checkerbloom Mountain Pink Compass Plant Cup Plant Blue Eyed Grass Solomon’s Plume Golden Rod Stiff Golden Rod Carolina Lupine Spiderwort Spiderwort Spiderwort Vervain
NATIVE PERENNIALS FOR SHADE LOCATIONS
Actea alba, A. rubra, A. neglecta Anemonela thalictroides Arisaema triphyllum Asarum canadense Caulophyllum thalictroides Chrysogonum virginianum Cornus canadensis Cypripedium acaule C. pubescens Delphinium tricorne Dentaria laciniata Dicentra canadensis D. cucullaria Dodecatheon meadii Gaultheria procumbens Gentiana andrewsii Gillenia triflorum Hepatica americana, H. nobilis Hydrastis canadenis Mertensia virginica	Baneberry Meadow Rue Anemone Jack in the Pulpit Wild Ginger Blue Cohosh Golden Star Bunchberry Pink Lady’s Slipper Yellow Lady’s Slipper Dwarf Larkspur Pink Toothwort Squirrel Corn Dutchman’s Breeches Shooting Star Wintergreen Bottle Gentian Bowman’s Root Livewort Golden Seal Virginia Blue Bells	Pachysandra procumbens Phlox divaricata P. stolonifera Podophyllum peltatum Polemonium van bruntiae P. pulcherrimum Polygonatum commutatum Sanguinaria candensis Stylophorum diphyllum Teucrium canadense Thalictrum dasycarpum Tiarella cordifolia Tovara virginiana Trillium species Uvularia perfoliata Vaccinium vitis-ideae Vernonia fasciculata Viola blanda V. rontudifolia V. canadensis	Allegheny Spurge Woodland Phlox Creeping Phlox May Apple Bog Jacob’s Ladder Dwarf Polemonium Solomon’s Seal Bloodroot Golden Wood Poppy American Wood Sage Purple Meadow Rue Foam Flower Tovara Trillium Bellwort Lingonberry Iron Weed Sweet White Violet Yellow Violet Canadian Violet
NATIVE GRASSES
Acorus calamus Andropogon gerardii A. scoparius (Schyzachyrium s.) Bouteloua curtipendula B. graclis Bromus kalmii Calamagrostis canadensis Carex grayi C. muskingumensis C. pensylvatica C. plantaginea Chasmanthium latifolium Deschampsia caespitosa Elymus canadensis	Sweet Flag Big Blue Stem Little Blue Stem Side Oats Grama Mosquito Grass Prairie Brome Blue Joint Gras Gray’s Sedge Palm Sedge Grass Pennsylvanian Sedge Plantain Sedge Northern Sea Oats Tufted Hair Grass Canadian Wild Rye	Elymus virginicus Festuca rubra F. glauca (F. caesia) Hierochloa odorata Hystrix patula Koeleria cristata Panicum virgatum Phalaris arundinacea Phragmites australis Sorghastrum nutans Spartina synosuroides S. pectinata S.pectinata aureavariegata Sporobolus heterlepsis	Wild Rye Red Fescue Blue Fescue Sweet Grass Bottle Brush Grass Crested June Grass Switch Grass Reed Canary Grass Common Reed Indian Grass Cord Grass Cord Grass Variegated Cord Grass Prairie Drop Seeds
NATIVE FERNS
Adiantum pedatum Aspenium ebeniodes A. platyneuron Athyrium felix-femina A. f.f. vernoniae cristata Cheilanthus lanosa Cystopteris bulbifera Dennstedtia punctiloba Dryopteris filix-mas ‘Bamesii’ D. polydactyla D. goldiana D. marginalis D. recurvata D. spinulosa (D. carthusiana) D. thelypteris (D. palustris)	Maidenhair Fern Dragon’s Tail Fern Ebony Spleenwort Lady Fern Crested Lady Fern Hairy Fern Bulblet Bladder Fern Hay Scented Fern Barne’s Male Fern Crested Male Fern Goldies Fern Leather Wood Fern Oak Leaf Shield Fern Toothed Wood Fern Marsh Fern	Matteuccia struthiopteris Onoclea sensibilis Osmunda cinnamomea Osmunda regalis Osmunda regalis cristata Polystichum acrostichoides Polystichum brauni Polystichum munitum Polystichum setiferum ‘Angulare’ Polystichum setiferum plumosum Pteridium aquilinum Thelypteris phegopteris Woodsia obtusa Woodwardia flimbriata Woodwardia Virginica	Ostrich Fern Sensitive Fern Cinnamon Fern Royal Fern Crested Royal Fern Christmas Fern Braun’s Holly Fern Western Sword Fern Alaskan Fern Soft Shield Fern Bracken Fern Beech Fern Cliff Fern Giant Chain Fern Virginia Chain Fern
NATIVE WATER AND BOG PLANTS
Acorus Calamus Asclepias incarnata Azolla caroliniana Calamagrostis canadensis Caltha palustris Carex muskingumensis C. plantaginea Ceratophyllum demersum Dryopteris palustris (Thelypteris p.) Dulichium arundinaceum Elodia canadensis Equisetum fluviatile E. hyemale robustum E. scirpoides Eriophorum angustifolium Eupatorium rugosum Filipendula rubra Hippurus vulgaris Iris cristata I. versicolor	Sweet Flag Swamp Milkweed Fairy Moss Blue Joint Grass Marsh Marigold Palm Leaf Sedge Plantain Sedge Hornwort Marsh Fern Water Bamboo Water Thyme Horsetail Giant Horsetail Dwarf Horsetail Cotton Grass Joe Pye Weed Queen of Prairie Mare’s Tail Crest Iris Blue Flag Iris	Juncus effusus Lemna minor Lobelia cardinalis L. siphilitica Lobelia siphilitica alba Menyanthes trifoliata Mimulus ringens Nuphar luteum Nymphaea odorata Osmunda cinnamomea O. claytonia O. regalis Peltiphyllum peltatum (Darmera) Phalaris arundinacea Phragmites communis Pontederia cordata Potentilla palustris Sagittaria latifolia Sarracenia purpurea Saururus cernuus Scirpus validus Typha angustifolia T. latifolia Vallisneria americana	Soft Rush Duckweed Cardinal Flower Blue Lobelia White Lobelia Bog Bean Monkey Flower Spatterdock Water Lily Cinnamon Fern Interrupted Fern Royal Fern Umbrella Plant Reed Canary Grass Reed Grass Pickerel Weed Water Strawberry Duck Potato Pitcher Plant Lizzard’s Tail Soft Stem Bullrush Cattail Cattail Jungle Valisneria

For purposes of the above list, a native plant is considered to be a species which existed in what is now eastern North America prior to the arrival of European settlers (as opposed to a naturalized plant which has escaped into a new habitat because of human influence). More precisely, a native plant is one that has proven its adaptability to our climate, soils, pathogens and other indigenous species over many thousands of years.

We encourage you NOT to dig native plants from wild populations due to the serious ethical, legal and scientific considerations involved. Instead, choose to preserve existing indigenous plants for future generations and purchase well-grown nursery propagated native species. Such plants have been cultivated and managed to assure successful transplanting and are not only good value in the longer term, but their purchase will encourage the production and availability of even more native plants.

Your accomplishments will benefit garden design, our environment and your spirit.

Native Plants

NATIVE PLANTS HUMBER NURSERIES "GREEN THUMBS GUIDES"

NATIVE TREES

NATIVE SHRUBS

NATIVE VINES

NATIVE PERENNIALS FOR SUNNY LOCATIONS

NATIVE PERENNIALS FOR SHADE LOCATIONS

NATIVE GRASSES

NATIVE FERNS

NATIVE WATER AND BOG PLANTS

NATIVE PLANTS
HUMBER NURSERIES "GREEN THUMBS GUIDES"